Investigation on the Sex Education Status of Children in Minority’ Areas—Take Dehong Dai Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture as an Example

In order to grasp the actual situation of sex education of ethnic minority children in the border areas, this study takes children as the main object to understand the situation of sex education. 140 children aged 9-12 years in Dehong Prefecture were investigated by questionnaire. Through investigation and research, it is found that ethnic minority children have a low level of cognition of sexual knowledge, and lack of knowledge of sexual morality and sexual psychology. From the perspective of ethnic distribution, Lisu and De’ang children are most concerned about sexual related physiological knowledge, while Dai children are less concerned about it. Ethnic minority children’s access to sexual education is mainly through media, family education and learning School education comes next. And boys are more willing to learn some sexual knowledge through their friends and classmates than girls. In family life, parents talk about sexual topics with their parents and children less frequently, but most children believe that parents can give them useful help in sex, and children are more inclined to consult their parents when facing sexual questions.


Introduction
In recent years, the frequent exposure of children's sexual abuse has aroused widespread concern and discussion from all walks of life, and more and more attention has been paid to children's sex education.
Sex education is not only conducive to children's physical and mental health development, but also helps children form correct sexual concept, correctly understand themselves, and learn effective www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/jetss Journal of Education, Teaching and Social Studies Vol. 2, No. 2, 2020 22

Research Methods and Objects
This study adopts the method of questionnaire.

Children's Awareness of Sexual Knowledge
Regarding the degree of understanding of sexual knowledge, more than 30% of the samples chose "less understanding", accounting for 35%, the proportion of "general understanding" samples was 32.14%, and the proportion of "nothing to know" samples was 20.71%. The sample accounted for 10.71%, and" very well understood "accounted for 1.43%.
In the question "What do you already know about sex", for "knowledge of AIDS prevention", "prevention of sexual assault and sexual diseases, strengthen self-protection awareness", "privacy awareness of special parts of the body", "human body In terms of sex organ characteristics, names, characteristics", the odds of being selected are the largest, at 45%, 44.29%, 40.71%, and 30.71%, respectively.
In terms of the content that children want to know most about sex, "prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS", "sex-related moral knowledge", and "sex-related psychological knowledge" are most likely to be selected, respectively 52.14% and 51.43%, 42.86%, and "Contraception Knowledge" has the lowest chance of being selected, at 7.86%.
In analyzing the influence of ethnicity on sex-related physiological knowledge, chi-square test showed that 2 = 12.673, P = 0.027, P < 0.05, indicating that the ethnicity of the respondents had significant

Children's Access to Sex Education
Regarding the ways for children to receive sex education, "mobile phones, computers, televisions, radio, books" and "teaching by parents or elders in the family" have the highest probability of selection, respectively 59.29% and 40%, and again "school education", it accounts for 38.57%. The selection rates of "know through friends around you", "thematic lectures or posters organized by communities and organizations", and "other" are 25.71%, 13.57%, 2.14%. It can be seen that for children, the media and family education are the most common and most important way of sex education; the special lectures or posters posted by communities and organizations are not likely to be selected, indicating openness. Of special lectures or publicity and education are rare.
In analyzing the influence of gender on some knowledge gained by friends and classmates around us, chi-square test showed that 2 = 7.83, P = 0.005, P < 0.05, indicating that there is a significant difference in the respondents' gender options, among which Boys prefer to learn something from friends and classmates around them than girls.
According to statistics, it can be found that minority children receive sex education mainly through the media (such as mobile phones, computers, televisions, radio, books, etc.), followed by family education and school education. Neither the family nor the school has fully played its important role in sex education; and boys are more likely to learn some sexual knowledge through friends and classmates than girls.

Interaction between Children and Parents on Sexual Topics
As for whether parents talk to you about sex or not, the frequency results show that from the highest to the lowest, they are "occasionally", "never", "generally" and "often", accounting for 53.57%, 20%, 17.86% and 7.86% respectively. Generally speaking, the frequency of parents talking about sexual topics with their children is not high, and the proportion of regular communication with their children is the lowest.
As for parents' attitude towards children's sexual knowledge, the vast majority of parents will not take the initiative to popularize relevant knowledge to children, 48.57% of parents will give explanations when children ask; 32.86% of parents will take the initiative to impart relevant knowledge to children; 31.43% of parents rarely give guidance to children's sexual knowledge; "it is not allowed to discuss this matter", "never tell you sexual knowledge" And "no guidance" accounted for 7.86%, 7.14% and 6.43% respectively.

Conclusion
Generally speaking, ethnic minority children's cognition of sexual knowledge is relatively low, and their understanding of sex is more confined to pathology and body organs, lacking knowledge of sexual morality and sexual psychology; in terms of ethnic distribution, Lisu and De'ang children are most concerned about sexual related physiological knowledge, while Dai children are less concerned.
In addition, the way of education for ethnic minority children is mainly through media (such as mobile phones, computers, TV, radio, books, etc.), followed by family education and school education. And boys are more willing to learn some sexual knowledge through their friends and classmates than girls.
Most of the children believe that parents can give them useful help in sex, and children are more inclined to consult their parents when facing sexual questions. traditional concepts, actively answer children's sexual questions in family education, take the initiative to popularize sexual knowledge to children, so as to prevent children from receiving incorrect sexual concepts through illegal channels, thus affecting their physical and mental health development. to help them better understand sex, establish a correct concept and establish a correct concept Correct gender awareness, better learn to care for and understand others.

Improve Professional Teacher Construction and Talent Training
Local governments should select excellent bilingual teachers of ethnic minorities, cultivate professional sex education teachers, build a special teaching staff, and regularly set up sex education courses for children and parents in schools or communities.
We are determined to establish a high-quality, high-level and professional sex education teachers team with good temperament and attitude, enough family life knowledge and sexual knowledge, enough ability to apply effective education methods and skills, and enough ability to solve children's sexual questions and evaluate their methods.

Based on Local Characteristics, Adopt Multiple Methods of Publicity and Education
Fully integrate the content of sex education into the music, dance, sculpture, painting, poetry, craft and novel of ethnic minorities, design relevant propaganda films, advertisements, posters, brochures, etc., and fully carry out publicity and education with the help of media.