Research on the Strategy of Improving College Students’ Career Adaptability in Application-oriented Colleges and Universities

Application-oriented colleges and universities have become the main force in the popularization of higher education in China, and their school running orientation is to cultivate application-oriented talents to adapt to social development. Career adaptability is a hot topic in the field of career psychology abroad. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out the education of improving college students’ career adaptability in Application-oriented Colleges and universities, summarize college students’ career adaptability, analyze the necessity of improving college students’ career adaptability at this stage, and put forward the strategies of improving college students’ career adaptability in Application-oriented Colleges and universities, so as to enable students to achieve real job matching in the process of employment.


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Published by SCHOLINK INC. same time, in the face of career change and workplace troubles, they can respond with a more reasonable career exploration, decision-making and strategies to promote the re-employment ability of application-oriented college students and the success of the whole career.

It Is Helpful to Guide Application-oriented Undergraduate Students to Establish Correct Professional Va lues
According to the survey, at present, the professional value tendency of college students in China is easily affected by the external environment. Among them, a considerable number of College Students' professional values are increasingly affected by material interests, showing a strong utilitarian color.
They associate the success of their career with the level of their positions and the amount of material wealth they have obtained, do not know much about the current social industrial structure and various industries and occupations, and despise some work at the grass-roots level (Chan & Chan, 2021).
Therefore, more and more college graduates pursue high income and high welfare when choosing jobs, and intend to find employment in big cities and large enterprises. Due to the different school running systems of Application-oriented Undergraduate Colleges and universities, the fees paid by students are often twice or even more than those paid by other undergraduates. A considerable number of students hope to recover the education costs in a short time after graduation, which makes the bad professional value tendency of application-oriented undergraduate college students eager for quick success and instant benefit more prominent. Due to the deviation between professional tendency and professional values, the professional adaptability of some college students is not mature. Some college students can not adapt to the cruel social reality after graduation because they can not establish correct professional values in the short term, and can not face the sudden employment pressure in serious conflict with their ideals. Strengthening career adaptability education in Application-oriented colleges and universities will help students in Application-oriented Colleges and universities correctly understand the complex and changeable social environment needs, abandon bad career value tendencies, establish correct career values, and provide necessary ideological guidance for their own career development.

It Is Conducive to the Physical and Mental Health Development of Application-oriented Undergraduates
From the previous definition of career adaptability, it is not difficult to find that good career adaptability reflects the better psychological quality of individuals in the face of unpredictable future career development path and the impact of adversity and trauma. It can be seen that career adaptability is one of the important indicators to evaluate individual mental health (Gregor, Weigold, Wolfe, et al., 2020). Some studies have shown that among college students who have experienced trauma and good adaptability, college students who have experienced trauma and poor adaptability, college students who have experienced trauma and good adaptability show high positive emotions such as self-esteem and optimism. Secondly, savicos takes the development of youth career adaptability as the core task of youth individual development. Relevant researchers also put forward that young people with high career adaptability show better decision-making ability and positive emotional experience in the face of www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/jetss Journal of Education, Teaching and Social Studies Vol. 3, No. 3, 2021 58 Published by SCHOLINK INC. changes in individual career development path. Due to the failure of the college entrance examination and the high tuition fees, some college students in independent colleges have experienced the psychological trauma of failure and depression. By improving the career adaptability of college students in Application-oriented Colleges and universities, it will help to alleviate the negative emotions of college students caused by traumatic events, cultivate the tenacious will quality of college students, and promote the physical and mental health development of college students.

Analysis of the Current Situation of College Students' Career Adaptability
A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed in this survey, and 336 valid questionnaires were obtained. The survey objects were college students in a certain area. Stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to ensure that the survey objects were evenly distributed in gender, grade, arts and science.

Analysis of the Current Situation of College Students' Career Planning
In the survey on the topic "did you think about your future career during college?" more than 85% of the students said they had thought about their future career, of which 45.2% answered "often think".
For the survey on the topic "what do you think is the most important standard for choosing a career?" the highest ranking is "development factors", accounting for 72.3%, that is, meeting interests and hobbies, being able to realize their own value, large promotion space, etc., followed by "health factors", accounting for 63.7%, that is, good welfare, stable career, good professional environment, etc. For the survey of "will you choose a career related to your current major?" 68.5% of the students said "will you choose a career related to your major". However, for the survey of "do you know what career you can engage in in in your major?" 44.6% and 36.8% chose "general understanding" and "not very understanding" respectively, On the one hand, it shows that college students have a high degree of recognition of their major, on the other hand, it also shows that their career development knowledge is limited, their future career planning is still in the primary stage, and their attention needs to be improved.

Analysis on the Current Situation of College Students' Career Adaptability Improvement
For the survey of "do you think it is necessary for college students to improve their career adaptability?" more than 85% of students said "it is very necessary". From the survey of "what do you think of the teaching effect of current career adaptability?" we can see that more than 60% of students think the teaching effect needs to be improved. In the survey on the topic "which way do you most want the school to carry out career adaptability improvement courses?" the highest ranking is "relevant internship or social practice" and "joint development of vocational education courses with enterprises", accounting for 70.6% and 63.5% respectively. This shows that college students attach importance to and expect career adaptability improvement, On the other hand, it also shows that some ways to improve career adaptability are single, which can not meet the needs of students, which restricts the effect of improving career adaptability to a certain extent.

Colleges and Universities
University period is the most critical link of College Students' individual career development. It is the most important life stage for college students from childishness to maturity, from school to society, from learning career to career. Therefore, college students themselves should play their active role in the stage of receiving college education and comprehensively and evenly improve their career adaptability; Families should give enough career help during the university period when college students' family members move from children to adults (Park & Yang, 2020;Teychenne, Parker, Teychenne, et al., 2019), and actively develop the basic role of small family groups; As the main Department of college education, colleges and universities should comprehensively strengthen the cultivation of College Students' career adaptability on the basis of Cultivating College Students' theoretical knowledge and application skills, and take career adaptability as a clear training goal of quality education: as the competent department of college education, the government should actively guide families Universities and society attach importance to the cultivation of College Students' career adaptability, and actively create a social atmosphere that attaches importance to college students' career education.

Attach Importance to Career Adaptability Counseling for College Students and Improve Their
Adaptability Nowadays, most colleges and universities are in the state of employment guidance. Offering quick, experiential and skilled short-term guidance through lectures, elective courses and training is often more modular and procedural, with little practicability and effect. It is difficult to comprehensively and systematically make students have enough understanding of their college career, and it is impossible to improve their college career adaptability. The cultivation of College Students' career adaptability is a long-term and gradual process, which needs targeted and step-by-step systematic planning and guidance. It needs to run through from enrollment education to graduation debugging, so as to provide some support and help for students' whole college career. To improve college students' career adaptability, we need to carry out targeted research. The problems and needs faced by different grades are different. Freshmen are more about a series of problems such as college life adaptation and self-development cognition. They actively and timely do a good job in career adaptability counseling, help them understand themselves, professional information and development prospects, and assist students in college career planning. Sophomores and juniors should carry out timely self career analysis for professional satisfaction and professional prospects, seek learning motivation and guide students to develop appropriate fields. In addition to the need for application skills, information collection and other methodological skills, senior students need to help students establish a reasonable career outlook, learn rational career choice and evaluation, and do a good job in life and career planning. The difference of family environment will also lead to the difference of career adaptability needs, correct self-awareness, the establishment of reasonable self-esteem and self-confidence, so that students with different family backgrounds can learn accurate self-analysis and establish appropriate self orientation and career orientation.

Look to the Future and Actively Focus on Career Development
First, let the university students realize the necessity of career concern. The cultivation of College Students' career awareness can not rely solely on the initiative of individual college students.
Universities should make full use of the traditional media such as radio and newspapers, and the new media such as the WeChat official account and the Internet, so as to publicize the students directly or with internship units to provide college students with a platform and opportunity to participate in practice. At the same time, the government should strengthen advocacy and let professional counterpart enterprises and institutions actively provide internship opportunities for college students.

Reasonable Curriculum and Balanced Development
As for the course design of college students' life adaptation, it is suggested that the form of elective courses should run through the whole college life from enrollment to graduation. The counseling content can be composed of modules such as psychological adaptation and debugging, academic counseling and management, vocational cognition and planning, practical skills, etc. The specific content of different colleges and universities may vary according to their own professional characteristics and teaching resources, but they should all take students as the starting point and meet the needs of students at different stages. To provide practical help and support for their college career adaptation and planning as well as individual management and development. The implementation modes of college students' career adaptation can be diversified. In addition to the traditional experience interview and teaching, learning lectures and theoretical teaching, they can also carry out network courses combined with student-led learning, video discussion, group counseling of simulated experience, career development consultation and practice of vocational ability shaping. The specific implementation mode should not be single and one-sided, but should be combined with various forms, so that face-to-face learning and network, theory and practice, experience and application are fully integrated, paving the way for the improvement of college students' adaptability and individual development, so that students do a good job in college adaptation, social adaptation. Should be in grade comprehensive coverage, focus on two years and three years. The research shows that the career adaptability of college students is N type distribution in grade, which indicates that the development of college students' career adaptability is not smooth. Therefore, reasonable career education courses should be set up, which not only ensure the coverage of the whole grade, but also focus on sophomores and juniors. Try to avoid any noticeable slippage in their career resilience. Secondly, the content is colorful and diverse, and the combination of internal and external career theory courses enables college students to have a clear understanding of career development; In addition to professional knowledge courses, professional introduction and professional application courses are set up so that college students can better understand their major and their future career direction. Invite industry experts and enterprise human resources experts, so that college students have a more sober understanding of the industry and future career. These courses can make college students pay more attention to their own career development, help them to carry out career exploration, and promote the overall level of college students' career adaptability. No less class time, primary and secondary distinct, university education should be given priority to imparting theoretical knowledge and application skills, but also should pay attention to the cultivation of the college students' comprehensive quality, so you should set a reasonable career interest in elective course, the basic theory of the compulsory courses and career not only ensure university students as a whole has a good career adaptation levels, and both have different polarization. Colleges and universities should pay more attention to the cultivation of career adaptability of college students from rural and urban areas so as to avoid the polarization phenomenon of college students' origin and place factors. Colleges and universities should pay great attention to the difficulties encountered by students from poor families in their career development, and reduce the economic burden of poor students by issuing student loans and providing opportunities for on-campus work-study programs. At the same time, they should pay attention to the psychological condition of poor students and reduce their psychological inferiority caused by poverty. Counselors should unite the whole class to create a warm class family, so that students from single-parent families can find a sense of "home", encourage them to participate in school and class activities, which will help them regain confidence. In a word, colleges and universities should take into account the balanced development of the adaptability level of all college life, and make up for the poor by strengthening the good.

Conclusion
Today's world is in the era of rapid development, college students are in the exploratory period of their career, so they should make full preparations for the development of their future career. On the basis of summarizing the connotation of college students' career adaptability, this paper analyzes the necessity of improving college students' career adaptability and the current situation of college students' career adaptability. The countermeasures to enhance college students' career adaptability are put forward from four aspects: paying attention to career development, setting up reasonable courses and giving consideration to balanced development and vigorously creating social atmosphere of career education.
Domestic researches on college students' career adaptability still need to be carried out more deeply and extensively, and the number of research objects and the selection range of various background factors in the research objects should be expanded. This paper discusses the strategies for improving the career adaptability of application-oriented college students, and further studies the career adaptability of college students from the perspective of multiple disciplines and theories in the future, and puts forward more practical and effective measures to improve the career adaptability of college students.

Fund Project
Teaching and Research Project of Suzhou University: Establishment and Exploration of the "Second Class" of Ideological and Political Theory course in Applied Universities (Project No. : SZXY2020SZJY01)