Original Paper Research on Protection and Redevelopment Strategies of Industrial Heritage from the Perspective of Urban Innovation

Since the 18th century, industrial production has promoted the transformation of social productive forces and the progress of human civilization, formed a unique factory model and industrial civilization, and became a manifestation of the interaction between human and environment. With the industrial transformation in the middle of the 20th century, many large factories have stopped production and closed down, and their abandoned sites have formed a huge industrial heritage because they retain a large number of industrial buildings and machinery and equipment, which has become the focus of attention in urban environmental management and context protection. Industrial heritage has profound historical accumulation and cultural value. For the protection and redevelopment of industrial heritage, reasonable reconstruction plans should be formulated according to the preservation state and cultural value of the local industrial architectural landscape and the innovative needs of the city in terms of economy, people’s livelihood and environment. Under the current background of sustainable urban development and self-innovation, proper protection and development of industrial heritage is not only the functional transformation of abandoned industrial parks but also the functional repair of old urban areas. It is of positive significance for urban tourism development, economic revitalization, livelihood improvement, cultural protection and resilience design. http://www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/se Sustainability in Environment Vol. 6, No. 1, 2021 155 Published by SCHOLINK INC.


Introduction
The industrial revolution promoted the transformation of modern urban structure. In order to meet the needs of industrial production for land, materials, population, transportation and other resources, the city built factories, workshops, warehouses, stations, access railway and supporting facilities such as market, housing, schools, hospitals, churches and other facilities. With the development of new energy, the innovation of computer technology and the sustainable development of globalization in the middle of the 20th century, the traditional industrial zones of many countries have been closed, leaving huge industrial parks as an industrial heritage that is difficult to deal with. With the improvement of the innovation demand under the sustainable development of the city, how to transform and develop the industrial heritage to radiate the city vitality, restore the regional landscape, improve the people's livelihood environment and revitalize the local economy has also become an important subject for the government and academic circles.

Analysis of the Status of Industrial Heritage
In recent years, the protection and redevelopment of industrial heritage has attracted wide attention In view of this, many industrial heritage parks, such as China and Germany, have established urban landscape corridors, industrial cultural and creative industrial parks and historical characteristic blocks through the transformation of "functional transformation and environmental regeneration, combined with the new era landscape design concepts such as "urban landscape", and integrated industrial heritage protection, redevelopment and urban innovation in order to seek new ways of cooperation and share opportunities.

Historical and Cultural Values
From the historical and cultural point of view, industrial heritage is the witness and cultural wealth of the development of human society, plays a role in the long historical evolution-not only continues the material core of manual production of human society, but also opens a new chapter in the era of science and technology and information, which is an important witness of the development of industrial history; At the same time, affected by the historical culture, social livelihood, political system and other factors, its industrial architecture and park construction form and development model are also different, forming the German Bauhaus style, Soviet Stalin style, American mechanicalism style, Chinese classical style and other different types of industrial architecture (Figure 2), while recording the vertical industrial history, it also produces a horizontal design that integrates national characteristics and national customs, and has research significance for the cultural exploration of industrial heritage.

Traffic Level-Improve Traffic Network, Strengthen Regional Links
The developed transportation network is a necessary guarantee for modern urban operation and industrial production. It is helpful for enterprises to carry out cross-regional cooperation and commodity transportation. By optimizing the transportation network of West Germany, including Ruhr Industrial Zone, and guiding enterprises to complete the operation layout of "point-by-point, line-by-line and surface" by combining "waterway railway, road and aviation", thus strengthening the economic and trade ties between Ruhr and the world, it has become an important measure to improve the market competitiveness of enterprises and promote the transformation of urban industries.

Environmental Level-Optimize the Park Environment and Improve Infrastructure
As the "garden factory" concept of scheme design, adopt green ecological landscape planning, repair the environmental damage caused by the industrial production, ease of foreign city area, such as water and soil pollution damage, in order to improve the infrastructure construction of the enterprise, give people the old image of traditional industrial park; At the same time, the development of abandoned industrial sites (such as railway yard and access railway factory), the natural elements and public skills is blended in among them, the construction of urban public garden and the green corridor, and industrial facilities of disused railway shall be reasonable protection and restoration, respond the needs of the urban industrial heritage protection and the environment update; (Figure 6) In addition, comprehensive consideration and park to improve the demand of enterprise management, guide the industrial production and a simultaneous landscape construction, and the integration of city streets and rural landscapes, the industrial production becomes the important of innovation in modern cities swimmer.  In the reconstruction of Jianxi Industrial Park, the government protects and redevelops by declaring industrial remains and transforming historical and cultural streets. With the theme of "implementing protection and exploring tourism value", the project revolves around the planning of "one axis, one area, three districts and four nodes", covering the historical landscape protection axis, water system and public green space, well-preserved Soviet-style building blocks, industrial parks and special railways, etc., forming a landscape belt of Jianxi industrial heritage blocks, which is dominated by industrial heritage expo, urban landscape corridors, cultural and creative industries and leisure tourism. (Figure 8)  Author photo and drawing.

Related Issues in Industrial Heritage Development
Before the historical and cultural value of industrial heritage itself is not paid attention to by the society, the relevant departments pay less attention to the protection of urban industrial relics and their representative building sites, while the cultural excavation of industrial heritage supporting facilities (such as access railways, living areas, schools, parks, etc.) is less understood and recognized, and its inherent humanistic value has not been widely recognized in academic circles. At present, industrial heritage around the world is facing the threat of enterprise reform and urbanization development, and with the increasing calls for the protection of industrial heritage, countries have also carried out cultural excavation and protection of industrial heritage, at the same time, has also exposed a number of problems to be solved:

Secondary Destruction during Development
Driven by economic interests, some cities have carried out secondary damage to buildings, landscapes, railways, machinery and equipment in the industrial heritage on the grounds of the commercial transformation of the project, and on this basis have made artificial adjustments, resulting in some architectural appearance and structural deformation, landscape green space damage, excessive development of park sites, railway track landfill and other problems, which have broken the sense of spatial harmony of the industrial park itself and reduced the artistic appreciation and historical and cultural value of the industrial heritage. In addition, some areas also use the "Industrial Park" as the brand to develop the park as a commercial and residential integrated property for sale, causing irreparable trauma to the local industrial heritage.

Management Confusion during Operations
Due to the large number of units involved in the commercial development and operation of industrial heritage, complex management and heavy workload, some cities have adopted a multi-party approach to industrial and cultural historical streets, creative industrial parks and industrial railway parks. Due to the lack of unified leadership and coordinated management of relevant departments, many departments make profit and intervene in the operation of the park in order to obtain the best economic benefits.

Loss of Features during Transformation
In  Authors organize and draw according to Internet data.

Parallel Development and Rational Transformation
For the industrial heritage that enters the protection list and carries out the repair work, it is necessary to achieve moderate development and reasonable transformation. In the process of repair, we should try our best to carry out the work around the value connotation contained in the industrial heritage, so as to restore the original characteristics of the industrial heritage and meet the innovation needs of modern cities. (Figure 12)  Authors organize and draw according to Internet data.

Establishment of a Comprehensive Cooperative Management Mechanism
For the operation and management of industrial heritage, we can try to establish a comprehensive cooperation mechanism, which can be planned by the government as a whole, and managed jointly by the street community and the tenant of the park. The commercial development and operation management of the project park can be jointly formulated by the three parties, combined with the requirements of public opinion, to reach an agreement before it can be carried out, in order to avoid the disorderly management caused by the separate and disconnected management in the cooperative management, and cause unnecessary confusion. (Figure 13)

Development of Design Plans in Combination with Urban Characteristics
For the protection and development of industrial heritage based on the actual situation of the city, must not blindly follow the trend, simple imitation. Before formulating the design plan, we should first conduct in-depth investigation, visit and understand the industrial heritage of the region and the elements associated with the industrial heritage. After obtaining the actual survey results and statistical data, we should integrate and analyze the successful cases of other cities, and then formulate reasonable design plans to create a cultural and creative industrial heritage park with urban characteristics and innovative times. (Figure 14)  Authors organize and draw according to Internet data.

Discussion
Industrial heritage is the material wealth left by social development. It is not only in line with the innovation demand of urban sustainable development for internal environment, but also the retention and continuation of urban industrial culture. Become the fulcrum of improving urban environment and revitalizing tourism economy. In this regard, the relevant work should take "protection, transformation and upgrading" as the main purpose, give full play to innovative thinking, make effective use of existing resources, carry out scientific management planning, adopt green ecological landscape design scheme, integrate industrial heritage into social life as part of urban function, and provide necessary assistance for urban protection in the event of various emergencies.
Under the influence of history, economic and political factors, the current urban industrial heritage in China as its industrial historical material record, has the rich cultural value and the era characteristics, and researches for the protection, development of industrial heritage in China still has a long quest that need to be in between countries, between region and region to carry out exchanges and cooperation, combined with the actual situation of domestic cities, the comprehensive implementation "the protection, transformation and upgrade" development concept, the industrial heritage self innovation in promoting the city retained in the world at the same time as the excellent cultural achievements.