Consumer Preferences for Hydrogen Vehicles: An Empirical Analysis Based on the Choice Experiment Method

Abstract

This study, from a consumer perspective, employs a discrete choice experiment and utilizes data from 507 survey responses collected in five cities across China. Through a mixed logit model, the study analyzes consumer preferences and heterogeneity regarding different attributes of hydrogen vehicles (HVs) and estimates consumers' willingness to pay for these attributes, providing guidance for future HV promotion policies. The results reveal that: (1) Price factors significantly influence consumers' purchasing decisions, with consumers showing a negative preference for vehicle purchase prices and a significant positive preference for government subsidies. (2) Convenience is a critical factor, as consumers prefer vehicles with longer driving ranges and denser hydrogen refueling station networks. (3) Environmental benefits positively influence purchasing decisions, as environmental attributes have become a key consideration for consumers when choosing HVs. (4) Significant heterogeneity exists in consumer preferences based on socio-economic factors.The findings offer practical insights for future HV promotion policies. Policymakers should consider consumer heterogeneity, optimize purchase subsidy policies, and accelerate hydrogen refueling infrastructure development to improve convenience. Moreover, differentiated policy strategies should target consumers with varying income and education levels, thereby promoting HV adoption, enhancing market penetration, and achieving the dual goals of economic viability and environmental benefits.