China’s Experience in Reform and Opening up for Forty Years

In December 1978, after the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Party, China entered a new era of reform and opening up. It has been for forty years, and has accumulated richly in the process of exploration and development in these forty years. Faced with the new tasks and new demands put forward by the new era, China has embarked on a new journey. The construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics needs to be further promoted. Reform and opening up is still the source of vitality for the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. We should profoundly summarize and give full play to the experience of the fortieth anniversary of reform and opening up, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, implement new development concepts, and constantly promote the development of the cause of reform and opening up.


Introduction
Forty years since the reform and opening up, China has achieved great achievements in socialist construction, and the Chinese nation has realized a transition from poverty and backwardness to a socialist power. All these achievements stem from our party's unswervingly taking the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Reform and opening up is a new great revolution led by the party under the new historical conditions and is the key choice for determining the contemporary Chinese national movement. The reason why socialism with Chinese characteristics has a vital vitality lies in the implementation of socialism in reform and opening up.
China's rapid development over the past 30 years relies on reform and opening up, and China's future development must also unswervingly rely on reform and opening up. Only reform and opening up can develop China, develop socialism, and develop Marxism". Profoundly summarizing and studying the valuable experience and ideological and theoretical achievements of the 40 years of reform and www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/wjssr World Journal of Social Science Research Vol. 5, No. 4, 2018 336 Published by SCHOLINK INC. opening up, has important theoretical significance for further developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, promoting reform and opening up in the new era, and continuously achieving new achievements in socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Realistic meaning.

The Historical Context of the 40 Years of Reform and Opening up
When we first entered socialism, China's economy and culture were relatively backward, which made the task of building socialism arduous and arduous. The end of the "Cultural Revolution" has made Chinese society face a critical choice on the way forward, that is, to continue to take the road of closed and rigid or to explore a new path of modernization. The party's second-generation central leadership collective with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the core has made a great decision on reform and opening up on the basis of accurately grasping the development trend of the world and the actual situation facing China. Therefore, the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Party has also become the starting point for China to enter a new era of reform and opening up.

The Preliminary Exploration Stage of Reform and Opening up
The home and abroad changed drastically, and China's reform and opening up also faced serious challenges.

The Comprehensive Acceleration Phase of Reform and Opening up
The period when Deng Xiaoping's southern talks to the 16th National Party Congress was a period of comprehensive speed-up of reform and opening up, the focus of which was to establish the goals and models of economic system reform, that is, how to correctly understand and deal with the relationship between market and plan. In 1992 and realized the first two steps in the "three-step" strategy in advance, that is, the first step, from 1981 to 1990, the realization of the gross national product was more than that in 1980. Some times, to solve the problem of people's food and clothing; the second step, from 1991 to the end of the twentieth century, the gross national product has doubled, and people's lives have reached a comfortable level.  body and path of reform, and focuses on the most prominent and typical problems that constrain economic and social development. We will build a reform framework with leading roles in various fields, and comprehensively open supply-side structural reforms; strengthen the reform of state-owned enterprises, improve the state-owned assets supervision system, develop a mixed-ownership economy, and strengthen financial system reform. On the political front, we will accelerate the institutionalization, proceduralization, and standardization of socialist democratic politics, so that the rule of law will be steadily advanced and the people's democracy will be more comprehensive and extensive. We will comprehensively strengthen the party's self-construction, purify the party's internal organization environment, strengthen grassroots organization construction, and comprehensively promote reforms in the organizational system, cadre personnel system, and talent development system, and strengthen the establishment of the party's internal supervision system. In the social field, the people's livelihood reform has been strengthened. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a series of major reform measures have been introduced to protect the people, and the reforms in the fields of ecological environment, old-age care, medical care, and education have been tightened. The scope of reform involves a wide range, deepening, and implementation. Strong and earnestly increase the people's sense of well-being and gain.

Basic Experience of Reform and Opening up for Forty Years
During

Adhere to the Party's Ideological Line and not Waver
The party's ideological line is the party's guiding ideology and action guide, which determines the party's political line and various principles and policies. The further development of reform and opening up plays a decisive role in the enrichment and development of the party's ideological line.
After the "Cultural Revolution", Deng Xiaoping led the whole party to grasp the ideological line of insisting Emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and using constant political strength and a strong sense of responsibility, innovating and breaking through in the process of comprehensively deepening the reform, has brought about historic changes in the cause of the party and the state. The practice of forty years has fully proved that the Chinese Communist Party has achieved great achievements in reform and opening up because it has continuously enriched and developed its ideological line, emancipated its mind, and boldly explored it.

Based on Grasping China's Basic National Conditions
The first generation of the party's leading collectives had many twists and turns in the process of socialist construction, and many detours were taken because they did not correctly grasp China's basic China, it is precisely because of the fundamental interests of the people that the reform and opening up can promote the continuous development of the cause of reform and achieve great achievements.
Practice has proved that the strategic decision-making of reform and opening up is in the fundamental interests of the people, exerts the main role of the people, and has withstood the test of the people, so that our party can continuously promote the development of reform and opening up.

Strengthening the Party's Own Construction Is a Guarantee
The process of socialist reform is huge and systematic. Only a strong core of leadership can promote the smooth development of reform. The Chinese Communist Party has proved through practice that it can shoulder this historical responsibility. China's socialist reform, starting from a highly centralized planning system and backward productivity, is a revolution in the self-improvement and development of the socialist system, which is profound and complicated. Therefore, it was decided that the reform must firmly rely on the leadership of the party and be carried out in a planned and orderly manner under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. The important guarantee for the leadership reform of the Communist Party of China is to strengthen its own quality, strengthen its own construction, and constantly become a strong core of leadership. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has advocated strengthening inner-party supervision, upholding the party's ability to govern the party, comprehensively and strictly administering the party, adhering to the ideological and institutional combination of building the party and the party, and earnestly grasping the organization, discipline, and work style, and strengthening The building of a clean government and the fight against corruption have made great achievements in the process of self-construction of the party.

Conclusion
In the past 40 years, China's reform and opening up has made great achievements. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China: "Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, which is a new historical orientation for China's development". This assertion marks that China is transforming from being rich to strengthening, indicating that China is in a critical period of reform, and the new era is a key node for the comprehensive construction of a socialist modernization power. The historical experience of the 40 years of reform and opening up tells us that we must unswervingly promote reform and opening up and carry out reform and opening up to the end. In the new era, China must conform to the current trend of the world, and always clearly understand the main contradictions of Chinese society, and promote the comprehensive transformation and upgrading of reform and opening up in comprehensive and deepening reforms.