Research on Environmental Monitoring Data Sharing Based on Blockchain Technology

Abstract

The importance of secure and efficient sharing of environmental monitoring data is increasingly prominent. However, it still faces numerous challenges, including data silo barriers, conflicts between security and privacy, and difficulties in credible traceability. This paper organically integrates the spatial encoding capability of GeoHash algorithm, the distributed storage capability of InterPlanetary File System, and the fine-grained management capability of Hyperledger Fabric blockchain into an environmental monitoring data sharing framework. It innovatively proposes a sharing model tailored to spatiotemporal sensitivity, massive volume, multi-source heterogeneity, and station correlation characteristics of environment monitoring data, and constructs a consortium blockchain-based architecture for environment monitoring data sharing. Meanwhile, air quality monitoring data was selected as a typical sample to test and evaluate the system's functionality. Results demonstrate that this model resolves privacy conflicts and performance bottlenecks, ensures credible sharing and controllable permission, and confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of the system architecture. This model not only deepens the application value of blockchain technology in environmental monitoring and governance but also provides significant theoretical references and practical paradigms for constructing a nationwide unified, cross-regional collaborative environmental monitoring data credible sharing network.