Design of a Multifunctional Headphone System Based on Coupled-Mode Theory for Active Noise Cancellation and Voice Enhancement

Abstract

Noise pollution has become a significant issue in modern society, with long-term exposure to high-volume environments considerably increasing the risk of hearing damage. Based on Coupled-Mode Theory, this paper proposes an active noise cancellation (ANC) headphone system that integrates acousto-electric coupling modeling and artificial intelligence-based voice enhancement.

By establishing a coupled model of acoustic wave propagation and electronic signal processing, and employing the Finite Difference Method and Runge—Kutta algorithm for system simulation, precise noise cancellation is achieved. In terms of hardware, the system uses an ESP32-S3 as the main control unit, integrated with feedforward and feedback microphone structures and an A-29P intelligent voice processing module to achieve active suppression of ambient noise and real-time extraction of human voice. Experimental results demonstrate that the system effectively reduces the risk of hearing impairment even in high-noise environments and significantly improves speech communication clarity.