Under the EU-US Economic and Trade Agreement: Risk Impacts and Response Strategies for Chongqing-EU Economic and Trade Cooperation

Abstract

In August 2025, the European Union and the United States announced the conclusion of the Reciprocal, Fair and Balanced Trade Agreement, further accelerating the restructuring of transatlantic economic and trade rules and generating significant spillover effects on external economies. As an important manufacturing base in western China, Chongqing maintains close ties with the European market in high value added industries such as electronic information, automobiles, and high end equipment. Based on trade structure and industrial dependence, this paper examines the potential risks posed by the coordination of economic and trade rules between the European Union and the United States to Chongqing, including tighter market access, restricted technology supply, higher standards thresholds, and supply chain reconfiguration. The study finds that although Chongqing has made some progress in diversifying its foreign trade, its key industries still remain strongly connected to the European market, technology sources, and regulatory systems. In response, Chongqing should accelerate the expansion of diversified markets, promote domestic substitution in key segments and supply chain localization, optimize the layout of international logistics corridors, enhance standards alignment and regulatory compliance capacity, and improve risk early warning and legal protection mechanisms, so as to strengthen the resilience and international competitiveness of its manufacturing sector.