Wearable UV Devices for Sun Protection: Practicalities, Utilities, and Limitations

Abstract

Wearable ultraviolet (UV) devices present a promising innovation in personalized sun protection by providing continuous, real-time monitoring of UV radiation exposure. These devices are equipped with advanced sensors capable of detecting multiple UV wavelengths and offer seamless integration with mobile health platforms to deliver personalized recommendations, such as reminders for sunscreen reapplication based on individual exposure levels. Practical applications extend to diverse populations, accounting for factors such as varying skin types, environmental conditions, and long-term user adherence. The utility of these devices lies not only in their ability to enhance sun safety behaviors but also in potentially reducing the incidence of UV-induced skin damage, including sunburn, photoaging, and skin cancer. However, several limitations persist, including calibration drift over time, inaccuracies due to environmental interference (e.g., sweat, humidity, clothing), and inconsistent performance across different Fitzpatrick skin types. The effectiveness of these devices can also be influenced by user compliance, socioeconomic disparities, and the need for improved public education on proper usage. Moreover, accessibility challenges, particularly in underserved populations, raise concerns about equitable distribution of this technology. While wearable UV devices offer considerable potential in augmenting existing photoprotection measures, further large-scale clinical validation studies are required to refine their accuracy, reliability, and usability across broader demographic groups. Enhanced integration with teledermatology and public health initiatives may further strengthen the role of these devices in comprehensive sun protection strategies.