Mythology: A Bridge for Civilizational DNA and Mutual Learning – A Comparative Study of Greek and Chinese Mythology

Abstract

As foundational pillars of Western and Eastern civilizations, Greek and Chinese mythologies encapsulate the distinct cultural genes of maritime and agrarian societies, respectively. This study conducts a systematic comparative analysis of these two mythological traditions, focusing on deity portrayal, hero narratives, and core themes. Central to this analysis is a fundamental dichotomy: Greek mythology’s “anthropomorphic and polytheistic” worldview, which celebrates individual agency and acknowledges tragic fate, stands in contrast to Chinese mythology’s “spiritualized and ethical” paradigm, which prioritizes collective welfare and harmonious order. Going beyond a mere delineation of differences, this research delves into their socio-geographic roots and philosophical underpinnings. Ultimately, it argues that these divergent narrative logics are not mutually exclusive but are complementary. The paper proposes concrete pathways for civilizational mutual learning, demonstrating how the interplay between Greek individualism and Chinese collectivism, between tragic consciousness and pragmatic spirit, can offer profound insights for addressing contemporary global challenges and fostering cross-cultural dialogue.